创业者信息扫描与创新机会识别——直觉和环境动态性的调节作用Entrepreneur Information Scanning and Identification of Innovative Opportunities: The Moderating Roles of Intuition and Environmental Dynamism
纪炀;周二华;李彩云;彭瑞卿;
摘要(Abstract):
识别创新机会既是创业成功的关键,也是企业转型与发展的重要动力。然而,当前学界并未给予创新机会以足够关注。信息是创新机会识别的基础。依据信息处理观和社会认知理论,研究考察了创业者信息扫描行为与创新机会识别的关系以及直觉和环境动态性在其间的调节作用。通过对中西部城市266名中小企业家进行问卷调查,阶层回归结果表明:创业者信息扫描频率越高,其识别创新机会的可能性也越大。特别是对高直觉创业者而言,这种关系更为强烈,但环境动态性并不会对这种关系产生显著影响。进一步的联合效应分析显示,高直觉高动态情境下,创业者信息扫描频率对创新机会识别的影响最强。本文增进了我们对创新机会识别过程的理论认识,同时对我国创业管理与教育也有重要的实践意义。
关键词(KeyWords): 信息扫描;创新机会;机会识别;直觉;环境动态性
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金重点项目(71232001);国家自然科学基金项目(71671060);; 中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2017M623135)
作者(Authors): 纪炀;周二华;李彩云;彭瑞卿;
DOI: 10.16538/j.cnki.fem.2019.08.003
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- (1)双创升级版解读!郑刚:从草根创业到创新驱动的创业[EB/OL].http://www.som.zju.edu.cn/xinwenzhongxin/xinwenzhongxin/zhongdianxinwen/33269.html.
- (2)信息搜寻不等同于信息扫描。在信息搜寻活动中,决策主体带有明确的目标与动机,而信息扫描的范畴则更大。
- (3)Wood和McKinley(2010)认为,创业机会的产生是创业者认知、行为与环境交互的结果。关于机会,目前有机会创造论和机会发现论两种观点。在创新机会识别过程中,本文认为这两种观点都具有合理性。
- (1)与创新机会相似的概念有技术机会、创业机会和生产机会,它们之间既有区别又有联系。具体论述可阅读Holmén等(2007)的研究。